Clostridium Difficile Infection

Clostridium Difficile Infection

A dysbiotic microbiota can result in the loss of colonization resistance due to changes in the structural and/or metabolic environment. The loss of specific community members potentially affects the levels of microbial and host-generated metabolites, resulting in a different functional state that promotes spore germination and vegetative outgrowth. A dysbiotic microbiota may also result in an imbalanced immune response through the loss of immune regulation and a proinflammatory state, both of which may affect disease development. Toxin production by vegetative C. difficile can stimulate the production of inflammatory cytokines, neutrophils, and antitoxin antibodies.